Update base-image to bookworm

[hsbt]

No description provided.

[hsbt]

ruby-0.49             /all-ruby/bin/ruby-0.49: error while loading shared libraries: libcrypt.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
                  exit 127

bookworm don't have libssl1.1 or compat package. We need to handle it for Ruby 0.x and 1.1*.

[hsbt]

I fixed that with 07c5a72

[hsbt]

$ podman run --rm ghcr.io/ruby/all-ruby:bookworm /all-ruby/all-ruby -v
WARNING: image platform (linux/amd64) does not match the expected platform (linux/arm64)
ruby-0.49             /all-ruby/lib/formatter.rb:21: [BUG] Segmentation fault at 0x0000000000000000
ruby 3.1.2p20 (2022-04-12 revision 4491bb740a) [x86_64-linux-gnu]

This image is broken with podman on macOS.

[Copilot]

Pull request overview

This pull request updates the base Docker image from Debian Bullseye to Debian Bookworm, enabling support for newer Ruby versions (3.1+, 3.4, 4.0) while maintaining compatibility with historic Ruby versions through a multi-stage build approach.

Changes:

• Updated base image from debian:bullseye to debian:bookworm for the primary build stages
• Updated system Ruby from 2.7 to 3.1 and associated libraries (libffi7→libffi8, libssl1.1→libssl3)
• Reorganized multi-stage build to isolate Ruby version ranges across three build stages (buster for 0.x-2.0, bullseye for 1.2-3.0, bookworm for 3.1+)
• Added libcrypt.so.1.1.0 workaround for Ruby 0.x and 1.1x compatibility

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